Industrial disputes transpire when there is discord between employees and employers and if there is a rift between them. It results into stoppage of work or working without any effective results.
Objectives of Industrial Disputes Act:
The aim of industrial disputes act is to ensure smooth functioning of organization. It ensures industrial democracy and harmony. It protects the interest of both employees and employers. The disputes are usually resolved through peaceful negotiations with a win-win attitude.
Causes of Industrial Disputes:
There are several causes for industrial disputes such as economic, political, social, cultural, technological, legal and governmental machinery and policies. Other causes are related to individual such as personalities, attitude and behaviour and their educational and cultural factors.
Disputes may also arise out in two ways: one is for fighting for their rights such as if the rules and regulations are not maintained and policies and procedures are not honored. The other way of arising the disputes is due to purely monetary reasons that are related to wages, salaries, pay and perks.
If the grievances of the employees are not addressed adequately it results into strikes by employees. On the other hand, if the employers have any problems with the employees or due to other reasons they can declare lock out. If strike is the weapon of employees, lock out is the ultimate weapon of employers.
It is essential to resolve industrial disputes amicably as failure to do so results into organizational crisis thus affecting both the employees and employers adversely.
Types of Strikes:
There are several ways of resorting to strike by employees such as ‘stay away’, ‘sit down’, ‘go slow’, ‘taken’, ‘boycott’, ‘gherao’, ‘sympathizing’, ‘pen down/tool down’, ‘lightening-sudden strike’, ‘work to rule’ and so on.
Conclusion:
Both the employees and the employers have to play responsible role in ensuring industrial peace and harmony through give and take with a ‘win-win’ attitude. It is essential to ensure organizational peace and prosperity for achieving organizational excellence and effectiveness.
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